Effect of Process Variables on Bead Geometry of the Submerged-Arc Strip-Overlay Welds

Abstract

A study has been made of the effect of process variables on the bead geometry and dilution in a submerged-arc stripoverlay process. Weld deposits were made on a 2.25 Cr-1 Mo steel plate using a 60 X.5 mm 309 L stainless steel strip. The effect of current, voltage, welding speed, electrode stickout, and preheat temperature was assessed on the bead width, bead height, penetration, and dilution. It was found that with the exception ofpreheat temperature all other variables had an influence on one or more features of the weld deposits. Welding parameters can be specified from these results so that a clad of any required shape and dilution can be deposited.

Metallographic examination revealed the microstructures in and adjacent to the fusion line and a microhardness survey was carried out to determine the hardness distribution in these areas.

A few deposits were analyzed by microprobe techniques and it was found that the welding conditions had a significant effect on the Ni and Cr content of the clad.