Dietary Fats Discriminate Risk for Abdominal Obesity and Glucose Metabolism among Urban Affluent Adult Males in Pune, India

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Authors

  • Biometry and Nutrition Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune - 411 004 ,IN
  • Biometry and Nutrition Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune - 411 004 ,IN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21048/ijnd.2016.53.1.3874

Keywords:

Overall Obesity, Abdominal Obesity, Fat Density, Fasting Blood Glucose.

Abstract

Indian diets have not been thoroughly investigated despite the fact that 'Nutrition Transition' parallels a rapidly escalating epidemic of obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases. Data on socio-economic background, dietary intake, BMI, Body Fat, Waist Circumference (WC), Abdominal Circumference (AC) and fasting blood estimations were recorded on 302 affluent men (30-60 years) in a cross-sectional study in Pune, India. Average daily calorie intake was lower (1714.7 ± 442 kcal) than the Recommended Dietary Allowance (ICMR, 2010) while mean fat (45.8 ± 19.1 g), carbohydrate (279.2 ± 68.3 g) and protein intakes (46.5 ± 15.1 g) were comparable. Increase in mean WC and AC (3.9 cm), in prevalence of overall obesity (49.4% to 65.4%) and in prevalence of abdominal obesity (24.7% to 40.7%) was significant (p<0.05 for all) across tertiles of total calories. But with increase in fat intake, it was only the prevalence of abdominal obesity that increased significantly (23.2% to 39.5%; p<0.05). Subjects having higher calorie intake (>1816 kcal/d) had two times higher risk for overall and abdominal adiposity while subjects having higher fat intake (>50g/d) had two times higher risk for abdominal obesity alone. Fat density but not carbohydrate, was sensitive as the prevalence of high Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), significantly (p<0.05) increased (20.2% to 42.9%) with its increase. Additionally, the risk of high FBG was about 3 times higher (p<0.01) for high fat density (>30%). Thus, high fat density but not carbohydrate density may be an important causative factor for high rates of abdominal obesity and disturbed glucose metabolism in India.

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Published

2016-03-01

How to Cite

Parab-Waingankar, P., & Rao, S. (2016). Dietary Fats Discriminate Risk for Abdominal Obesity and Glucose Metabolism among Urban Affluent Adult Males in Pune, India. The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, 53(1), 47–61. https://doi.org/10.21048/ijnd.2016.53.1.3874

 

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