Bio-intensive management of major soil borne diseases of tomato in Uttarakhand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2019/23251Keywords:
Growth promotion, Jas mycorrhizal, Pseudomonas spp., Trichoderma harzianumAbstract
A glasshouse and field experimental was conducted by using Trichoderma harzianum (Th 43), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf 173) and Jas Mycorrhizal (AMF) for plant growth promotion and management of root rot and wilt disease of tomato. There were eight treatment combinations for glass house as well as field experiment. In glasshouse maximum germination (91%),shoot and root length (40.83 cm, 9.79 cm), fresh & dry shoot weight (152.00 g, 28.38 g), fresh & dry root weight (9.33 g, 3.90 g), plant vigour index (4301.45) was recorded in treatment combination of Th + Pf + AMF. In experimental field maximum reduction of disease over control (72.16%) was found in treatment combination of Trichoderma harzianum (Th 43) + Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf 173) + Jas Mycorrhiza (AMF). The maximum yield of tomato (486.70 q/ha) was also recorded in same treatment combination.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Agrios GN. 2005. Plant Pathology. USA: Academic press. Abhilash PC, Singh N. 2009. Pesticides use and application: An Indian scenario. J. Hazard Mater. 165: 1-12. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.061 PMid:19081675
Akkopru, Demir. 2005. Biological control of fusarium wilt in tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by AMF glomus intraradices and some Rhizobacteria. J Phytopathol. 153: 544–550. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1439-0434.2005.01018.x
Azarmi R, Hajieghrari B, Giglou A. 2011. Effect of Trichoderma isolates on tomato seedling growth response and nutrient uptake. Afr J Biotechnol. 10: 5850-5855.
Bonfante P, Genre A. 2010. Mechanisms underlying beneficial plant- fungus interactions in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Nat Commun. 1: 48. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1046 PMid:20975705
Elad Y, Zaqs ZY, Zuriel S, Chet I. 2007. Use of Trichoderma harzianum or alternation with fungicides to control cucumber grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) under commercial green house conditions. Can J Bot. 42(3): 324-332.
Glick BR. 1995. Enhancement of plant growth by free living bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 41: 109-117.
https://doi.org/10.1139/m95-015
Harman GE. 2000. Myths and dogmas of biocontrol: Changes in perceptions derived from research on Trichoderma harzianum T- 22. Plant Dis. 84: 377-393. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2000.84.4.377
Kloepper JW, Scher FM, Laliberti M, Tipping B. 1986. Emergence promoting bacteria: Description and implication for agriculture. pp. 155-164. In: Swinburne TR (Ed.). Iron Siderophore and Plant Disease. Planum, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-94802_17
Leoz BM, Garbisu C, Charcosset YJ, Perez, Jose MS, Antigueded I and Romera ER. 2013. Non target effect of these formulated pesticides on microbially mediated processes in a clay loom soil. Sci Total Environ. 449c: 345-354 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.079 PMid:23454695
Mwangi MW, Monda EO, Sheila AO, Jefwa JM. 2011. Inoculation of tomato seedlings with Trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effect on growth and control of wilt in tomato seedlings.
Braz J Microbiol. 42: 508-513. https://doi.org/10.1590/ S1517-83822011000200015 PMid:24031662 PMC id:PMC3769820 National Horticulture Board of India, data base 2013.
Robert RW. 2005. Growing tomatoes. University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. Bulletin. 1271.
Shoresh M, Harman GE. 2008. The molecular basis of shoot responses of maize seedlings to Trichoderma harzianum T22 inoculation of the root: A proteomic approach. Plant Physiol. 147: 2147–2163. https://doi.org/10.1104/ pp.108.123810
Singh SP, Singh HB, Singh DK. 2013. Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas spp. mediated management of Sclerotium rolfsii rot in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Bioscan. 8(3): 801-804.
Srivastava R, Khalid A, Singh US, Sharma AK. 2010. Evaluation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, fluorescent pseudomonas and Trichoderma harzianum formulation against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici for the management of tomato wilt. Biol Control. 53: 24–31.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.11.012
Tanwar A, Kadian A, Gupta A. 2013. Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and super phosphate application influence plant growth and yield of Capsicum annuum. J Soil Sci Plant Nutrition. 13(1): 55-66. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-95162013005000006
Waiganjo MM, Wabule NM, Nyongesa D, Kibaki JM, Onyango I, Wepukhulu SB, Muthaka NM. 2006.
Tomato production in Kirinyaga district Kenya, a baseline survey report. KARI/IPM CRSP, Nairobi, Kenya. pp. 1-43.
Wang B, Qiu YL. 2006. Phylogenetic distribution and evolution of mycorrhizas in land plants. Mycorrhiza 16: 299–363. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-005-0033-6 PMid:16845554
Watterson JC. 1986. Diseases of the tomato crops. Champan and Hall Ltd. Ny. pp. 461-462. PMCid:PMC1202784
Yigit F and Dikilitas M. 2007. Control of Fusarium wilt of tomato by combination of fluorescent pseudomonas, nonpathogen Fusarium and Trichoderma harzianum T-22 in greenhouse conditions. Plant Pathol J. 6(2): 159-163. https://doi.org/10.3923/ppj.2007.159.163