Women and Mathematics: A Reverse Pyramid of Time
Authors
-
UG & PG Department of Mathematics, Bethune College, 181, Bidhan Sarani, Kolkata - 700006 ,IN
Rupa Pal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24906/isc/2021/v35/i4/209999Keywords:
Sociology and Profession of Mathematics, History of Mathematics, Women.Abstract
Can women do mathematics? The pedagogic-identity of this ‘hard science’ has made this question almost universal, across phases of history. Mathematics has been synonymous with ‘rationality, calculability and precision’ which have socially been constructed as male attributes. The origin of ‘female math-anxiety’ and consequent invisibility of women in the domain of mathematics points to the age-old cultural psyche of the male dominated societies. This paper attempts to study the struggles of the women mathematicians to overcome the hurdles of patriarchy in getting their due intellectual recognition and social acceptance.Downloads
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
References
A S Rossi, A Biosocial Perspective on Parenting, Daedalus, Vol 106 No 2, page 1-31, 1977.
A S Rossi, Gender and Parenthood, American Sociological Review, Vol 49 No 1, page 1-9, 1984.
C S Rosenberg, & C. E. Rosenberg, The Female Animal: Medical and Biological Views of Woman And Her Role in Nineteenth-Century America, In - Leavitt, J. W. (Ed.), Women and Health in America: Historical Readings, The University Of Wisconsin Press London. Page 111-130, 1999.
L H Morgan, Ancient Society, Charles H. Kerr and Company, Chicago, 1877.
F Engels, The Origin of The Family, Private Property and The State, Penguin Books, London, 2010.
K Schaffer, The Daughters of Hypatia: Dancing The Stories of Women in Mathematics, In - J. L. Beery, S. J. Greenwald, J. A. Jensen-Vallin & M. B. Mast (Eds), Women in Mathematics: Celebrating The Centennial of The Mathematical Association of America, Association for Women in Mathematics, Series 10, Springer. page 375-395, 2017.
M French, Eve to Dawn - A History of Women in the World, Volume 1, The Feminist Press, New York, 2008.
M A B Deakin, Theano: The world’s First Female Mathematician? Int. J. Math. Edu. Sc. Tech., Vol 44 No 3, page 350-364, 2013.
L M Osen, Women in Mathematics. MIT Press, Cambridge, 1999.
M Alic, M. Hypatia’s heritage: A History of Women in Science from Antiquity to the Late Nineteenth Century, The Women’s Press, London, 1986.
J M Armstrong, Achievements and Participation of Women in Mathematics: Results of Two National Surveys, J. Res. Math. Edu. , Vol 12, No 5, page 356-372. 1981.
D Defoe, 50 World’s Greatest Essays, FP Classics, New Delhi, 2018.
E Gregersen, The Britannica Guide to The History of Mathematics, Britannica Educational Publishing, New York, 2011.
A G Johnson, The Gender Knot: Unraveling Our Patriarchal Legacy, Pearson Longman, New Delhi, 2005.
K Lauter, Women in Mathematics, Springer, Switzerland, 2017.
U C Merzbach & C. B. Boyer, A History of Mathematics. Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Jersey, 2011.
C A Pickover, A Math Book, Sterling, New York, 2009.
K Plofker, Mathematics in India, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 2009.
S Roux, Forms of Mathematization (14th to 17th century), Early Science and Medicine, Vol. 15, Brill Academic Publishers, Netherlands, page 319-337, 2010.
D J Struik, A Concise History of Mathematics, Dover Publications Inc., New York, 1948.
R M Tullberg, Women at Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998.
