Functional Foods in the Management of Mental Illness
Authors
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Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology ,IN
Gangaraju Divyashri -
Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore 560 054, Karnataka ,INM. Nishtha
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Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore 560 054, Karnataka ,INKamala Nimsha
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Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology ,INGangaraju Divyashri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18311/jmmf/2023/33723Keywords:
Mental illness, Central nervous system, Functional foods, Neuroprotection, Mitochondrial dysfunction, Protein aggregates, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatoryAbstract
Maintaining adequate mental health is critical for personal and social well-being. According to the latest UN statistical data, one billion people, including 14% of the world’s adolescents are suffering from some form of mental illness. These illnesses progress inevitably leading to severe inability and death. An abundance of scientific evidence has demonstrated the relationship between mental health and nutrition, which has gained considerable interest in present-day consumers. Improper nutrition does not only contribute to low physical health but also affects mental well-being. Functional foods are enriched, fortified or augmented with specific nutrients and offer health benefits over and above their regular nutritional values. The ability of functional foods to affect the central nervous system (CNS) and its related functions and behaviours are presently reviewed by the scientific community for its potential applications in the treatment of mental illnesses. Emerging evidence demonstrates that these functional foods protect mental health positively via modulation of the gutbrain axis by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction, improving neurotransmitter production and function, degrading abnormal protein aggregates, and offering antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical trials have claimed the therapeutic efficacy of functional foods offering mental health protection. Despite the wide applications of these functional foods as health supplements, there is a limited understanding of the possible role of these as neuroprotective therapeutics. This review provides important insights into various functional foods with special emphasis on existing direct and indirect evidence of their therapeutic potential in offering neuroprotection in specific mental illness conditions.
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