Rate of Canine Retraction and Anchorage Loss – In Smart Clip versus Conventional Brackets (An in-vivo study)

Jump To References Section

Authors

  • Cl Spl (Orthodontics), Command Military Dental Centre, Jaipur ,IN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18311/jpfa/2021/27803

Keywords:

APC, Canine retraction, Self-ligating

Abstract

Background: To analyse the rate of maxillary canine retraction and anchorage loss in Smart Clip Self Ligating (SCSL) and Conventional (CV) brackets. Materials and Methods: Forty four subjects were selected for the study requiring sectional maxillary canine retraction in first premolar extraction space during orthodontic treatment. The self ligating bracket (Smart Clip, 3M Unitek) on maxillary canine was compared to CV bracket (APC Victory series) on the contralateral side in a random split-mouth study design. Sectional canine retraction was done with a NiTi coil spring (150 gms force, 9 mm) on 0.016 í— 0.022" slot stainless steel wire. Results: The mean rate of distal movement of maxillary canine for the conventional (CV) bracket per 28 days was 1.048 mm and 1.027 mm for smart clip self ligating bracket (SCSL). Anchorage loss in molar was 0.586 mm and 0.652 mm for CV and SCSL bracket respectively. Conclusion: The rate of canine retraction for conventional bracket was faster than self ligating bracket, but not statistically significant (p>0.05). Comparatively, no major difference was found in terms of molar anchor loss between both bracket types. Therefore, this study indicates that conventional brackets are equally efficient as compared to self ligating brackets for segmental canine retraction mechanics.

Published

2021-10-14

How to Cite

Bhatia, S. (2021). Rate of Canine Retraction and Anchorage Loss – In Smart Clip versus Conventional Brackets (An in-vivo study). Journal of Pierre Fauchard Academy (India Section), 35(2), 49–57. https://doi.org/10.18311/jpfa/2021/27803

 

References

Blau, J. P. Tribology and Its Nomenclature in Friction and Wear Transitions of Materials. Park Ridge, NJ Noyes Publications. 1989.

Kusy, R. P. and J. Q. Whitley. Influence of archwire and bracket dimensions on sliding mechanics: derivations and determinations of the critical contact angles for binding. Eur J Orthod. 1999; 21:199–208.

Kusy, R. P. Ongoing innovations in biomechanics and materials for the new millennium. Angle Orthod 2000; 70:366–376.

Articolo, L. C. and R. P. Kusy. Influence of angulation on the resistance to sliding in fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999; 115:39–51.

Nicolls, J. Frictional forces in fixed orthodontic appliances. Dent Pract. 1968; 18:362–366.

Stolzenberg J. The Russel attachment and its improved advantages. Int J Orthod Dent Children 1935; 21: 837-40.

Wildman AJ. Round table – the Edgelock bracket. J Clin Orthod. 1972; 6: 613-623.

Berger JL. The SPEED appliance: A 14-year update on this unique self-ligating orthodontic mechanism. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 1994; 105: 217-223.

Harradine NW. Self-ligating brackets: where are we now? J Orthod. 2003; 30(3): 262-273.

Peterson, L., Spencer, and G. F. Andeasen. Comparison of frictional resistance of Nitinol and stainless steel wires in edgewise brackets. Quint Inter Digest. 1982; 13:563–571.

Frank, C. A. and R. J. Nikolai. A comparative study of frictional resistance between orthodontic bracket and archwire. Am J Orthod. 1980; 78:593–609.

Andeasen, G. F. and F. R. Quevedo. Evaluation of frictional forces in the 0.022 í— 0.028 edgewise bracket in vitro. J Biomech 1970; 3:151–160.

Sims, A. P., N. E. Waters, and D. J. Birnie. A comparison of the forces required to produce tooth movement ex vivo through three types of pre-adjusted brackets when subjected to determined tip or torque values. Br J Orthod. 1994; 21:367–373.

Harradine, N. The history and development of self-ligating brackets. Semin Orthod. 2008; 14:5–18.

Ehsani, S., M-A. Mandich, T. H. El-Bialy, and C. Flores-Mir. Frictional resistance in self-ligating orthodontic brackets and conventionally ligated brackets: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2009; 79:592–601.

Turpin, D. L. In-vivo studies offer best measure of self-ligation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009; 136:141–142.

Bokas, J. and M. Woods. A clinical comparison between nickel titanium springs and elastomeric chains. Aust Orthod J. 2006; 22:39–46.

Dixon, V., M. J. F. Read, K. D. O'Brien, H. V. Worthington, and N. A. Mandall. A randomized clinical trial to compare three methods of orthodontic space closure. J Orthod. 2002; 29:31–36.

Deguchi, T., M. Imai, Y. Sugawara, R. Ando, K. Kushima, and T. Takano-Yamamoto. Clinical evaluation of a lowfriction attachment device during canine retraction. Angle Orthod. 2007; 77:968–972.

Shpack, N., M. Davidovitch, O. Sarne, N. Panayi, and A. D. Vardimon. Duration and anchorage management of canine retraction with bodily versus tipping mechanics. Angle Orthod. 2008; 78:95–100.

Miles, P. G. Self-ligating vs conventional twin brackets during en-masse space closure with sliding mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007; 132:223–225.

Thiruvenkatachari, B., P. Ammayappan and R. Kandaswamy. Comparison of rate of canine retraction with conventional molar anchorage and titanium implant anchorage. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008; 134:30–35.

Storey E, Smith R. Force in orthodontics and its relations to tooth movement. Aust J Dent. 1952; 56:11–18.

Lee BW. Relationship between tooth-movement rate and estimated pressure applied. J Dent Res. 1965; 44:1053.

Paulsen RC, Speidel TM, Isaacson RJ. A laminographic study of cuspid retraction versus molar anchorage loss. Angle Orthod. 1970; 40:20–27.

Huffman, J. D. and D. C. Way. A clinical evaluation of tooth movement along arch wires of two different sizes. Am J Orthod. 1983; 83:453–459.

Sleichter CG. A clinical assessment of light and heavy forces in the closure of extraction spaces. Angle Orthod. 1971; 41:66–75.

Sonis, A. L., E. Van der Plas and A. Gianelly. A comparison of elastomeric auxiliaries versus elastic thread on premolar extraction site closure: An in vivo study. Am J Orthod 1986; 89:73–78.

Lotzof, L. P., H. A. Fine, and G. J. Cisneros. Canine retraction: a comparison of two preadjusted bracket systems. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996; 110:191–196.

Pandis, N., T. Eliades, S. Partowi, and C. Bourauel. Moments generated during simulated rotational correction with selfligating and conventional brackets. Angle Orthod. 2008; 78:1030–1034.

Thorstenson, B. S. and R. P. Kusy. Effect of archwire size and material on the resistance to sliding of self-ligating brackets with second-order angulation in the dry state. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002; 122:295–305.

Thorstenson, G. A. SmartClip self-ligating brackets frictional study. In: Orthodontic Perspectives. Vol XII, No 1 Monrovia, CA: 3M Unitek. 2005. 8–11.

Proffit, W. R. Mechanical principles in orthodontic force control. In Profit, W. R., H. W. Fields, and D. H. Sarver. Contemporary Orthodontics. 4th ed. St Louis, Mo Elsevier. 207. 376.

34. Monini AC, Gandini Jr LG, Martins RP, Vianna AP. Canine retraction and anchorage loss Self-ligating versus conventional brackets in a randomized split-mouth study. Angle Orthod. 2014; 84:846–852.

Hassan SE, Hajeer MY, Alali OH, Kaddah AS. The Effect of Using Self-ligating Brackets on Maxillary Canine Retraction: A Split-mouth Design Randomized Controlled Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2016; 17(6):496–503.

Burrow SJ. Canine retraction rate with self-ligating brackets vs. conventional edgewise brackets. Angle Orthod. 2010; 80:438–445.

Miles PG. Smart Clip versus conventional brackets for initial alignment: is there a difference? Aust Orthod J. 2005; 21:123–127.

Monini AC, Gandini LG Jr, Vianna AP, Martins RP, Jacob HB. Tooth movement rate and anchorage lost during canine retraction: A maxillary and mandibular comparison. Angle Orthod. 2019; 89(4):559–565.

Do Nascimento LEAG, Pithon MM, de Ruellas ACO, Sant'Anna EF, Filho ACG, de Souza MMG, Bolognese AM. Rates of tooth movement and bone remodeling activity: Self-ligating versus conventional brackets. J Clin Exp Dent. 2020 Apr; 12(4): e391–e398.