Chemical Composition and Evaluation of Methanol Leaf Extract of Combretum dolichopetalum on Body Weights and Haematological Indices of Phenylhydrazine Induced-anaemic Rats

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Authors

  • Chinedum U. Emelike
     Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG
  • Ugochukwu S. B. Anyaehie
     Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu ,NG
  • Eghosa E. Iyare
     Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu ,NG
  • Chiemeziem A. Obike
     Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State ,NG
  • Chinyere Aloke
     Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG
  • Darlington F. Chukwu
     Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG
  • Chinedum O. Eleazu
     Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG
  • Chukwuma J. Chukwu
     Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG
  • Ofovwe O. Ekakitie
     Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG
  • Nwaeze G. Konyefom
     Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG
  • Chinedu G. Uzomba
     Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG
  • John A. O. Chukwu
     Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State ,NG

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18311/ti/2021/v28i2/26603

Keywords:

Anaemia, Combretum dolichopetalum, Haematological Parameters, Mineral Elements, Phytochemicals, Proximate Compositions

Abstract

Anaemia is a serious health challenge in developing countries. This study evaluated the chemical composition of Combretum dolichopetalum (CD) leaves, the effect of its methanol extract on the body weights and haematological indices of phenylhydrazine induced-anaemic rats. Fresh matured leaves of CD were collected, identified and authenticated. Phytochemicals, proximate compositions, mineral elements, anti-nutritional factors and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were determined. A total number of twenty (20) mature inbred apparently healthy male albino rats of the Wistar strain (100-150 g) were used for this study. Anaemia was induced by administering phenylhydrazine to rats in Groups 2, 3 and 4 comprising of five rats per group. Group 1 (non-anaemic control) (n = 5) and Group 2 (anaemic control) received distilled water respectively while Groups 3 and 4 were administered 200 and 400 mg/kg of CD leaf extract orally using oropharyngeal cannula once per day for 28 days. Blood samples were obtained for haematological analysis using standard methods. The result showed a significant increase in Red Blood Cell (RBC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and haemoglobin concentration in Groups 3 and 4 compared with the anaemic group. Chemical analysis showed the presence of some phytochemicals, proximate compositions, mineral elements and anti-nutritional factors. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of nine (9) compounds. This study indicates that CD is nutritionally rich and contains some important bioactive principles that support its anti-anaemic properties.

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Published

2021-05-31

How to Cite

Emelike, C. U., Anyaehie, U. S. B., Iyare, E. E., Obike, C. A., Aloke, C., Chukwu, D. F., Eleazu, C. O., Chukwu, C. J., Ekakitie, O. O., Konyefom, N. G., Uzomba, C. G., & Chukwu, J. A. O. (2021). Chemical Composition and Evaluation of Methanol Leaf Extract of <i>Combretum dolichopetalum</i> on Body Weights and Haematological Indices of Phenylhydrazine Induced-anaemic Rats. Toxicology International, 28(2), 135–144. https://doi.org/10.18311/ti/2021/v28i2/26603

Issue

Volume 28, Issue 2, April-June 2021

Section

Original Research
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Received 2020-12-20
Accepted 2021-02-25
Published 2021-05-31

 

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